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Passage 2

No matter how carefully you pick the members on your team, you may still end up with a negative employee. These workers don’t necessarily fall into the category of “toxic,” but they’re just kind of a drag with their cynical, pessimistic worldview. If you’re dealing with a negative employee, here are 3 steps to take.

FIND OUT WHY

If you decide to proceed in addressing the behavior, think about whether there have been behavior changes recently. Is the negativity a constant or has the behavior escalated? If the latter, was there an event that led up to the change? Individuals in the workplace live multi-dimensional lives, and other non-workplace stressors may impact work productivity and mood. In an April 2016 report in the Journal of Managerial Psychology, a team of Toronto researchers found that employee who are cynical of their workplace may feel more positive if their managers are supportive.

DISCUSS GOALS

When discussing the situation with your negative employee, it is recommended to frame the discussion in the context of the individual’s goals. “Tone policing” where you simply point out pessimistic commentary without addressing the root cause, rarely works and may just cause more resentment. Get to the root of the issue and find out if the employee needs additional training, perhaps in management or communication skills, to overcome a deficit.

ADDRESS ISSUES

A direct solutions-oriented conversation with the employee can uncover problems or circumstances driving the behavior. If there are workplace issue that can be solved, consider doing so if it makes sense. If there are personal issues that have caused an escalation in negative behavior, examine whether accommodations can be made to help the person while they’re going through such challenges. Some employees don’t have great interpersonal skills and putting them in jobs where they are more focused on job-related tasks than on interactions with others can be an effective solution, too.

4. This article is most likely taken from _______.

A. Three Ways to Build an Effective Team

B. Several Tips for Managing a Team

C. How to be a Positive Employee

D. Is it Important to Sustain a Successful Workplace Environment

5. According to paragraph two, what can result in the escalated negative behavior of an employee?

A. Low income.

B. Unsatisfaction at the office environment.

C. Family stress.

D. A heavy workload.

6. It can be inferred from the article that ______.

A. If your manager is supportive, you might feel more positive.

B. Promotions means a great deal to the employees.

C. Negative employees are devastating to the company.

D. Raising salaries will make employees feel positive.

7. According to paragraph three, what does the phrase “tone policing” mean?

A. Being very inquisitive just like a policeman.

B. Focusing on the negative emotion behind a message rather than the real problem.

C. Speaking directly about one’s shortcoming without considering one’s feelings.

D. Hitting the nail on the head in the conversation.

8. According to paragraph four, what is NOT a solution to the negativity?

A. Help solve the workplace disputes for the negative employee.

B. Support the negative employee to go through challenges outside the office.

C. Put the negative employee in a suitable working position.

D. Have the negative employee’s colleagues to avoid arguments with him / her.

Passage 2

4.【答案】B。解析：主旨题。表面是问文章来源，实际是考查文章的主旨大意。文章首段中说在组建团队时无论你如何挑选，最终团队中总是会有消极的员工，接着就提出If you are dealing with a negative employee, here are 3 steps to take. 之后围绕着如何对待消极员工提出三个思路。所以整篇文章其实是在介绍对待团队中消极员工的几种方法，其实也就是管理团队的几个建议。所以正确答案是B。A项是说如何创建高效团队，但是其实文章是围绕如何管理团队中的消极员工展开的，并没有提到如何创建高效团队。

5.【答案】C。解析：推断题。根据文章第二段最后一句Individuals in the workplace live multi-dimensional lives, and other non-workplace stressors may impact work productivity and mood. 可知员工的非工作压力会导致消极情绪升级，四个选项中只有C项是指non-workplace stress。

6.【答案】A。解析：推断题。根据文章第二段最后一句话... employees who are cynical of their workplace may feel more positive if their managers are supportive. 可以推断出A正确。其他三个选项未在文中提及。

7.【答案】B。解析：语义题。根据题干“tone policing”定位到文章第三段，从句where you simply point out pessimistic commentary without addressing the root cause. 其实就是对“tone policing”的解释，tone policing是指“只给出悲观评论，但是却没能指出问题的实质”，选项B与之同义。故答案为B。

8.【答案】D。解析：细节题。根据文章最后一段If there are workplace issues that can be solved, consider doing so if it makes sense. 可以体现出A项;If there are personal issues that have caused an escalation in negative behavior,... such challenges. 可以体现出B项;最后一句... putting them in jobs where they are more focused on job-related tasks... 则能体现出C项。只有D项原文中没有提到，故选D。